Anne Bradstreet Essays

Anne Bradstreet Essays Anne Bradstreet Essay Anne Bradstreet Essay Anne Broadsheet poem A prologue she is stating that she is different because she is a woman that writes. Woman were not supposed to write and speak their minds. She states But simple My she is saying that her skill is simple compared to his. But you can tell there is a hint of sarcasm behind her writing. She is writing this to try to fool people into thinking that she thinks woman cannot write. B) Anne Breadbaskets A prologue is an apology. An apology is a form of poetry that Raritan often involved a self-effacing or self-humbling stance. The poet either apologizes directly or in directly. She also shows examples of backsliding. Backsliding is a term the puritans used to show even the ones that were among the most elect might diverge from the behavior that God required them to do. C) Anne Broadsheet has a lot of examples for backsliding. Back then woman are not supposed to write and were only supposed to have children and stay in the kitchen to cook food for their families. Woman were seen more as objects than as human beings. She acknowledges her role as a woman in society but does not agree with It. She even recognizes the supposed superiority that men have over woman, Men can It well (40). She also realizes what she Is doing Is out of the ordinary for woman at the time, l am Tongue(25) she Is showing that she knows that she Is a woman that has a mind of her own and that It Is difficult to please the people around her because of it. She goes on to acknowledge the role of woman In the puritan days by eying, who Lets(26). She apologizes to those around her by trying to put herself down sarcastically and with humor. In the first stanza she even says that there are some things she shouldnt be writing about, Like war. She realized that even If she were to write a good poem that most people would thing she stole It or someone else wrote It and she put her name on It, but she kept writing because that was what she liked to do. She wanted to show that woman were Inferior to men.

Understanding IQâ€Intelligence Quotient Scores

Understanding IQ- Intelligence Quotient Scores The measurement of intelligence is a contentious topic, and one that often sparks debate among educators and psychologists. Is intelligence even measurable, they ask? And if so, is its measurement important when it comes to predicting success and failure? Some who study the relevance of intelligence claim that there are many types of intelligence, and maintain that one type is not necessarily better than another. Students who have a high degree of spatial intelligence and a lower degree of verbal intelligence, for instance, can be just as successful as anybody else. The differences have more to do with determination and confidence than one single intelligence factor. But decades ago, leading educational psychologists came to accept the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) as the most acceptable single measuring stick for determining cognitive competence. So what is the IQ, anyway? The IQ is a number that ranges from 0 to 200 (plus), and it is a ratio that is derived by comparing mental age to chronological age. Actually, the intelligence quotient is defined as 100 times the Mental Age (MA) divided by the Chronological Age (CA). IQ 100 MA/CAFrom Geocities.com One of the most notable proponents of the IQ is Linda S. Gottfredson, a scientist and educator who published a highly-regarded article in Scientific American. Gottfredson asserted that Intelligence as measured by IQ tests is the single most effective predictor known of individual performance at school and on the job. Another leading figure in the study of intelligence, Dr. Arthur Jensen, Professor Emeritus of educational psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, has created a chart that spells out the practical implications of various IQ scores. For instance, Jensen stated that people with scores from: 89-100 would be employable as store clerks111-120 have the ability to become policemen and teachers121-125 should have the ability to excel as professors and managers125 and higher demonstrate skills necessary for eminent professors, executives, editors. What Is a High IQ? The average IQ is 100, so anything over 100 is higher than average. However, most models suggest that a genius IQ starts around 140. Opinions about what constitutes a high IQ actually vary from one professional to another. Where Is IQ Measured? IQ tests come in many forms and come with varied results. If you are interested in coming up with your own IQ score, you can choose from a number of free tests that are available online, or you can schedule a test with a professional educational psychologist. Sources and Suggested Reading Gottfredson, Linda S., â€Å"The General Intelligence Factor.† Scientific American November 1998. 27 June 2008.Jensen, Arthur. Straight Talk About Mental Tests. New York: The Free Press, A Division of the Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1981.

Global Growing Challenges Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Growing Challenges - Case Study Example International Monetary Fund has also confirmed the fact that the ten fastest growing economies of the world would be emerging as powerful nations in the near future (Dewhurst, Harris and Heywood â€Å"The Global Company’s Challenge†). Against this backdrop, the discussion in this report would be on the growing global challenges that a plastic bottle manufacturing company, Logoplaste was facing. The objective would be to conduct a strategic analysis of the company, its products and the industry it is functioning in. This would assist in identification of the critical success factors for the growth and development of the company. Company Overview Logoplaste, a company that produced rigid plastic containers, was established in the year 1976. This company has been a pioneer in the plastic packaging segment since a span of 35 years. It has more than 60 factories in 16 locations around the world. Logoplaste utilizes state-of-the-art machineries in its factories. It follows ju st-in-time and â€Å"Hole in the wall† method of product delivery, which gives the company an advantage over its competitors. Logoplaste is the third largest company for container transformer in Europe and second largest in Brazil. The goal of the company is to attend an annual growth of 15 percent in every country it has its operation in and acquire a new business contract every year. This goal of the company is inspired by its vision, which states that in order to retain the position in the industry; the company should keep on growing in terms of size and revenue (â€Å"Logoplaste Activity†). Business Model The business model of the company is based on five pillars; focus, close relation with customers, win-win approach, services and investment. In order to maintain a balance between these pillars, Logoplaste has certain strategies, which provides competitive edge to the company. Logoplaste consider itself to be a global player, so it focuses on the leading companies present in the market. The motto of the company is to invest in technology and innovate, so that not only the company can grow but its employees can mature in terms of their standard of living (â€Å"Logoplaste Activity†). Customers Logoplaste mainly functions in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) segment. The customers of Logoplaste are Procter & Gamble and Coca Cola are the largest customers of the company, which Logoplaste supplies containers and packages for many well-known FMCG companies around the world. The FMCG companies find the plastic containers to be the most convenient and cheap alternative for product packaging. Almost all the FMCG companies directly or indirectly avail plastic containers of Logoplaste (Alcacer and Leitao 1-19). Distribution Transporting the plastic containers in high volume is economically unviable because when they are empty there are ample chances of damage. This is the reason why the suppliers of the containers set their plants near the filter plants of the clients, so as to eliminate the cost of transportation, but this decreases the diversification benefits and scale (Alcacer and Lei

Americans with Disabilities Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Americans with Disabilities Act - Essay Example Title I of the Act clearly states that all the employers who have at least fifteen employees working under them, must give equal chances of employment to qualified disabled persons as well so that they get all the benefits that the organization is giving to the otherwise fit persons. The emphasis is on the elimination of discrimination which may arise in â€Å"recruitment, hiring, promotions, training, pay, social activities, and other privileges of employment† (U.S. Department of Justice, 2005). The employers do not have to ask them questions about the applicants’ disabilities until the job has been offered. Also, the employers are required to make such accommodations that should be appropriate for the physical or mental impairment that person is going through. The U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) holds the responsibility to file complaints and charges against persons non-complying with the Act (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2008). . .. job tasks; making equipment available for them; arranging medical examinations; modifying policies; or, arranging for special examiners and interpreters. Not all accommodations are needed by one disabled person. Every one of them would require a different sort of accommodation to be adjusted. But before making these accommodations, I would give a deep consideration to whether or not I should perceive the conditions being told as serious enough impairments that should require some accommodations made by me as a business manager. As far as obesity is concerned, Carrier (2000) states that â€Å"although courts initially were reluctant to recognize obesity as a qualifying disability for purposes of ADA protection, courts are increasingly willing to consider obesity as a disability giving plaintiffs status to raise ADA claims.† If I keep in mind the definition of disability as stated by the Act, then obesity is also one such claimed disability that restricts one to perform major li fe activities due to problems like in mobility. However, the point where obesity is defined should be considered. I will see that the person claiming accommodation is just fat or has higher than average fatness, and will see if there is a physical disorder that is causing obesity. If I find that there is some complication really associated with the person’s physique, I will make certain arrangements for him to make him feel at ease while at work but this decision would be more ethical than legal. Same is the case with depression as one cannot work properly when he suffering through anxiety, stress or trauma. If he is otherwise qualified, then I will consider arranging psychotherapists for the person. Again, this would be more of an ethical decision. Dyslexia is a serious impairment and under

CAPSIM Capstone team simulation project Case Study

CAPSIM Capstone team simulation project - Case Study Example In addition, the market share of the company will increase. Moreover, there is an opportunity of improving the cash management. There should be a reduction in the days given for the debtors to pay the amount outstanding. This is because they are currently holding cash. Quicker payment will make cash more readily available in running the company. In addition, it would avoid situations where the company will need emergency loans to sustain the business. Furthermore, there is an opportunity of increasing profit by reducing the variable costs of the company. In addition, the company has an opportunity to increase its market share in the low-end segment. It has the potential of having a market share of 29 percentage as compared to the current market share of 18 percentage. Besides, it has an opportunity to expand its market share in the high-end and size segment. Ultimately, the company has an opportunity to increase the efficiency of workers. It can achieve this by allocating money in the budget for quality initiative training. In addition, there is an opportunity to gain acceptability by the community by allocating funds for the UNEP Green program. The program will make the company to exercise social responsibility, which will have positive effects to the company. Customers will feel more attached to the products of the company. The market share has reduced this year as compared to other years. This means that competitors have an edge over the Chester Company. The consumers have shifted to other products over the years. This is a threat because if the situation continues then the company will again start making losses due to poor sales. In addition, the firm’s financial structure is currently poor for the last 2 years. There is a threat of having excessive inventory levels. The company when setting an inventory policy may set a policy that will retain some stock at the end of the period. Inventory consumes cash and eats up profits made by the company.

The death penalty as a form of punishment

The death penalty as a form of punishment The death penalty has been used throughout all of history as a form of punishment. In the past it was used by leaders to keep citizens in line. There are currently 35 states in the US that have the death penalty in place. This particular social issue is still under a lot of debate in the United States and around the world. Some of the questions it raises is what happens if the wrong person is sentenced, what are the financial costs of the process, how should it be done? However, the main question that is raises is whether it is morally acceptable. Today the death penalty is used in about 70 different countries, a number that has been rapidly declining in the past few decades. In societys effort to be just and to protect the rights of criminals in the justice system, a reasonable effort, let them not ignore or diminish the rights of the victims. Capital punishment is an instrument that insures the murderer will not cause harm to another victim and it authenticates the sacredness of hu man life. There are many philosophers that think capital punishment is morally acceptable if it is done for the right reasons. Two such philosophers are Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. By analyzing Kants ethical theories it can be said that he is for the death penalty as he comes right out and says he is, however there have been objections to this as part of his ethical theory can be interpreted as hypocritical. John Stuart Mills is more straight forward as seen in his book entitled Utilitarianism and also his speech on capital punishment. Kant is an avid believer in the old saying an eye for an eye as evidence by his statement that if someone has committed murder, he must die. In this case, no possible substitute can satisfy justice. He believes a victim has the right to have their accuser inflicted with the same pain that they had. Therefore, if a person commits murder then that person in return should be subject to the death penalty. He goes on to specify that a person must be judged by a court first, but if they are found guilty of murder and the court does not sentence them to death, then they themselves are contributing to the crime. He also believes that a murder does not deserve a worse punishment than the crime they committed. To Kant a life in prison, which in his mind is a life of embarrassment, is worse than a death sentence. In the end Kant believes in the death penalty, but not in the case of all crimes. The punishment must be fitting to the crime itself. If a person is sentenced to death for something li ke stealing then the legal system has failed to achieve its rightful intention. Even though Kant comes right out and says he is in favor of the death penalty, with regard to his ethical theories the line is more blurred. One of the main points of his theory is the idea of a universal law. In the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals he talks about the categorical imperative. One of the keys to this theory is that one should act so that their maxims can become a universal law. He believes that an immoral action cannot become a universal law. The universal laws in his mind make up what he calls the Kingdom of ends. This is an ideal moral community where everyone is held to the same moral standards, or laws. Universal laws should be followed by everyone, including, and especially those in power. This is where the contradiction can come in. In his defense of the death penalty Kant states that it is the head of states obligation to fulfill this and that as a result of their job they should be exempt from the punishment, however, in his theory of the categorical imp erative he believes that no one including the head of state should be allowed to break a universal law. Another contradiction regarding Kants ethical theory is seen in his respect for persons theory. Kant believes that each person has intrinsic value and this makes them deserving of moral respect from others. Is killing someone giving them moral respect? The argument against this objection is that if a person kills another, not in self defense, do they in return deserve moral respect? Kants answer is no. People who have dignity and reason are the ones who are priceless to society and deserve respect. In order to achieve the ideal Kingdom of Ends there has to be laws, and if people dont follow those laws they need to be punished. This is the only way in which to ensure that people act in moral ways. Another theory that can be used to advocate the death penalty is Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism was written by John Stuart Mill in 1878. Though on the surface it might seem to say capital punishment is not morally right, Mill is actually for the death penalty, as long as it is for the betterment of society as a whole. What is considered right and wrong in society is dependent not on the motive of an action, but the incentive. The difference between the two is a motive is the feeling that makes a person act, while an incentive is what the agent wills as an ultimate end of that action. An example of this distinction can be found in the scenario of saving a drowning man. If someone wants to save the man in the hopes of getting a reward that is still considered the right thing to do. The greed would be the persons motive but the intention would still be to save the mans life. However, if someone wants to save the man in order to torture him afterwards this would be considered wrong. The motive here would be power and the incentive would be to bring pain to the drowning man. Utilitarianism does not evaluate people, but only the actions. It is then the actions that are judged by their consequences. Any consequences that, in the end, betters society as a whole is acceptable. There are many ways that society would benefit from the death penalty. Keeping prisoners locked up for life is expensive, especially when there is overcrowding in prisons and money must be spent on the construction of new ones. Instead this money could be spent on education and healthcare, which in the end would hopefully decrease murders that occur. There is also the possibility that a person will get released from prison. A person who has already committed a crime is much more likely to repeat it which would cause more harm to society. John Stuart Mills not only advocates the death penalty through his ethical theory of Utilitarianism, but directly in his speech to the British Parliament in 1868 in defense of it. He believes, as does Kant, that sentencing someone to life in prison is worse than sentencing someone to death.(footer). This is the basis of his argument, that the death penalty is a more humane form of punishment than a person serving a life in a tomb. Capital punishment has been used throughout all of history but the real question is does the death penalty really work in modern times? The death penalty can be morally acceptable if it is used for the right reasons and not abused by people who just want power. When it is for the betterment of society as a whole it can be a justifiable action as said by two of the most respected philosophers Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mills. Through their ethical theories, though Kants has been scrutinized, and in direct quotes they have supported the death penalty. It is a declining form of punishment in the modern world, and continues to be one of the most heated issues in the United States and around the world. The death penalty can be morally justified if it is not abused and used in the right way. When it is used in such a way it can actually be a more humane, though still affective, form of punishment that protects the sanctity of human life and betters society. I defend this penalty, [the death penalty] when confined to the atrocious cases, on the very round for which it is commonly attacked- on that of humanity to the criminal; as beyond comparison the least cruel mode in which it is possible adequately to deter from the crime(65).

The European Union (EU) vs the North American Free Trade Agreement Essa

The European Union (EU) vs the North American Free Trade Agreement Introduction The European Union (EU) is the organization which integrates the countries listed below, both politically and economically. It is a customs union, which is an agreement amongst a group of countries to eliminate trade barriers between them on the movement of goods, services, labor and capital, and also to establish a common external tariff on goods and services coming into the union. The EU evolved from the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which was formed in 1951 as a response to the First and Second World Wars to try to ensure future peace in Europe. This became the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1965, which in turn became the European Union in 1992 following the signing of the Maastricht Treaty. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has brought economic growth and rising standards of living for the people of all three member countries since 1994. As well, by strengthening the rules and procedures governing trade and investment throughout the continent, NAFTA has proved to be a solid foundation for building Canada’s future prosperity. NAFTA has enabled both Canada and Mexico to increase their exports to the United States: Canadian manufacturers now send more than half their production to the U.S., while Mexico’s share of the U.S. import market has almost doubled from 6.9% in pre-NAFTA 1993 to 11.6% in 2002. Manufacturers in all three countries are better able to realize their full potential by operating in a larger, more integrated and efficient North American economy. In 2002, Canada was the most important destination for merchandise exports from 39 of the 50 U.S. states. Relevant Sections Trading Blocs .. ...ading blocs: the growth of regionalism in the world economy’, New York: John Wiley & Sons. Hopkinson, N. (1992) ‘Completing the GATT Uruguay Round: renewed multilateralism or a world of regional trading blocs’, Wilton Park Paper No. 61 London. Hunt, D. (1989) ‘Economic theories of development: an analysis of competing paradigms’, New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf. O’Brien, R. (1992) ‘Global financial integration: the end of geography’, London: Pinter. Preeg, E. M. (1989). The GATT trading system in transition: an analytic survey of recent literature. The Washington Quarterly 12, 201-213. Schott, J.J., ed. (1989) ‘Free trade areas and U.S. trade policy’, Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C., p. 59 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (1999) ‘Handbook of Trade and Development Statistics’, Geneva: United Nations.

Effect of Growth on Mung Bean Solution

Effect of Salt Solution on Mung Bean Growth Hypothesis: If the Mung Beans are watered with a higher salt solution, then less Mung Beans will sprout. John Murrell 9-18-12 Magnet Biology Introduction This experiment was done to test the effect of salt solution on mung bean growth. Generally when you grow mung beans you soak them in water for eight to twelve hours and then put them in a separate container to sprout. Since this experiment was not monitored every hour, and had limited resources, we could not soak the mung beans for that period of time.There are multiple ways to grow mung beans but since the experiment was to test the effect of different salt solutions, one particular way was chosen. Methods 1. Gather two paper towels and two petri dishes, no safety goggles or gloves will be required for this experiment. 2. Place a petri dish on a paper towel and trace the bottom of it so a circle is drawn. Do this twice on each paper towel so there are four separate circles drawn. 3. Sepa rate the top and bottom of each petri dish so they can each be used separately, creating four dishes. 4. Label the petri dishes: Distilled, . 5 solution, . 50 solution, and . 75 solution 5. Cut out the circles that were traced on the paper towel sheets. 6. Place one paper towel circle in the bottom of each dish. 7. Now take a graduated cylinder and place 20 mL of distilled water in it. 8. Pour the 20 mL of water on top of one of the paper towels in the dish so it can soak up the water. 9. Repeat step seven with a . 25, . 50, and . 75 salt solution. Be sure to put each one in a separate petri dish with a paper towel circle in it. 10. Place 20 mung beans in each petri dish; be sure to check that the mung beans are paced apart from each other. 11. Place the petri dishes on a counter and leave them there for five days. 12. Take measurements each day and record results. Results Table 1: Amount of Beans Sprouted Amount of Beans Sprouted| Day 1| Day 2| Day 3| Day 4| Day 5| Distilled Water| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| .25 Salinity| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| .50 Salinity| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| .75 Salinity| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| Figure 1: Conclusion Based on the results of this experiment, salt solution does not affect the growth of mung beans. However, there were several mistakes made in this experiment that would need to be corrected next time.One of them was taking the lid off of the petri dish and using it as a separate container. Doing this made the water and solution evaporate faster, and when it did evaporate it was just put out into the environment. If there was a top to the petri dish the water would have stayed in the dish and recondensed after evaporation. An alternative to this would have been keeping just two petri dishes with the top and testing one salt solution against distilled water, or plastic wrap could have been put over each of the four separate dishes.Another mistake made was placing the dishes by a window. This allowed the sun to reach the dishes, which also caused the water and sol ution to evaporate faster. If this experiment is conducted again the petri dishes would be placed on a counter that is not by a window. The third and final major mistake made was placing twenty mung beans in each petri dish. This did not provide the space the mung beans needed to grow, and caused them to each have less water since they had to compete for it. This experiment neither proved nor disproved the hypothesis made.If this experiment is conducted in the future, with all the corrections established, the original hypothesis generated would still be used. This hypothesis would also be based solely on background information discovered about mung bean growth, since there was no data created from this experiment. References * http://www. ggfagro. com/books/UsefulDocs/sample%20manuscript_8-11. pdf * http://www. abc. net. au/science/surfingscientist/pdf/lesson_plan12. pdf * http://simple-green-frugal-co-op. blogspot. com/2010/01/grow-your-own-mung-bean-sprouts. html

“Behavioral Study of Obedience” Stanley Milgram Essay Example

â€Å"Behavioral Study of Obedience† Stanley Milgram Essay Example â€Å"Behavioral Study of Obedience† Stanley Milgram Essay â€Å"Behavioral Study of Obedience† Stanley Milgram Essay â€Å"Behavioral Study of Obedience† Stanley Milgram Shashi Bhatt â€Å"Behavioral Study of Obedience† Stanley Milgram The Milgram’s experiment on Obedience to authority figure was a series of experiment in social psychology conducted by Stanley Milgram. The experiment measured the willingness of study participants to obey authority figure, which instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscience. It has been understood before this experiment that people tend to obey authority figure. Milgram’s work showed researchers the depth of this tendency and identified several of its key mechanism. Obedience, as determinant of behavioral, is as of particular relevance to our time. It has been reliably established, that innocent people were slaughtered on command in gas and death chambers. These inhumane ideas originated in single person’s mind, yet they could be carried out to extreme scale, if large number of people obeyed orders. Obedience is psychological mechanism that links individual action to political purpose. Obedience may be educative and refer to acts of kindness or charity, as well as to destruction. General Procedure Milgram developed an intimidating shock generator, with shock levels starting at 30 volts and increasing in 15-volt increments all the way up to 450 volts. The switches were labeled with terms including slight shock, moderate shock and danger: severe shock. Each participant took the role of a teacher, who would then deliver a shock to the student every time an incorrect answer was produced. While the participant believed that he was delivering real shocks to the student, the student was actually a confederate in the experiment who was simply pretending to be shocked. The order to administer shocks are given to subject in context of â€Å"learning experiment† to study the effects of punishment on memory. As shock got higher the subject begin to build internal resistance and subject refused to go on with the experiment. Behavioral prior to this is considered â€Å"obedience. † This technique allowed variable to be manipulated at several points of experiment. Related Studies The experiment bears an important relation to philosophical analysis of obedience and authority. Based on some studies, obedience is ubiquitous and indispensable feature of social life. Method The participants in the Milgram experiment were 40 men recruited using newspaper ads. In exchange for their participation, each person was paid $4. 50. The subjects had wide variety of careers and qualification. The were also told, they would be paid $4. 50 simply for coming to the experiment. The role of experimenter was played by 31-year old high school biology teacher. The teacher appearance was stern throughout experiment. The victim was played by a 47-year old accountant. Procedure One naive subject and one victim performed in experiment. After pretext, subjects drew slips of paper from hat, which determined who would be the teacher and who would be the learner. The subject was assured there would be no permanent damage to tissue. The learning task was paired-associated, and the response was given by a switch. If at any point, the subject showed unwillingness to go on the experimenter responded: 1. Please Continue. 2. The experiment requires that you continue. 3. It is absolutely essential that you continue. 4. You have no other choice, you must go on. Dependent Measure The primary dependent measure for any subject is the maximum shock administer, before he refuse to go any further. This tend to vary from 0 (for subject who refused to administer first shock) to 30 (subject who administer highest shock). Following the experiment, the subject were interviewed with open-ended questions. Results Twenty Six subjects obeyed experiment commands fully and to the highest shock proceeding to punish the victim. Fourteen subjects refuses to participate at some point in the experiment. Refer to table 1 for details. Table 1 Designation of Voltage |Number of Subjects who Stopped at this Volts | |Intense Shock: 300 |5 | |Extreme Intense Shock: 315 |4 | |Extreme Intense Shock: 330 |2 | |Extreme Intense Shock: 345 |1 | |Extreme Intense Shock: 360 |1 | |Danger: Severe Shock 375 |1 | Discussion The experiment yielded two findings; they were surprising. The first concerns the sheer strength of obedient tendencies in this situations. The procedure created extreme levels of nervous tension in some subjects. Profuse sweating, trembling, and stuttering were typical expressions of this emotional disturbance. One unexpected sign of tension- yet to be explained- was the regular occurrence of nervous laughter, which in some subjects developed into uncontrollable occurrence. The following feature of the experiment go in explaining high amount of obedience observed in these situations. 1. The experiment takes place in reputable university, and the importance of background authority is now being studied by series of experiment outside of Yale University. 2. The experiment had worth purpose- advancement of knowledge about learning and memory. 3. The subject has an impression, that victim has voluntarily submitted to authority system of the experiment. The subject participate without any qualification, thus he feels obligated to complete experiment. 4. The subject has also entered experiment voluntary and he receives himself under obligation to complete experiment. 5. Some method of procedure strengthen the subject’s sense of obligation to the experimenter. 6. From subject’s standpoint, the fact that he is a teacher and other person is victim is purely a chance consequence. 7. There is vagueness of expectation concerning what a psychologist may require of his subject, and he is overstepping acceptable limits. 8. The subject are assured shock are painful, but not dangerous. 9. Through shock level 20, the victim continue to provide answer to the signal box. This indicates to subject, victim is willing to continue. 10. The subjects is placed in position in which he must respond to the competing demands of two persons: the experimenter and the victim. 11. The experimenter seeks an abstract scientific datum; the victim cries out the relief from physical suffering caused by subject’s action. 12. The experiment gives subject little time for reflection. 13. The conflict stem from the opposition of two deeply ingrained behavior dispositions: first, the disposition not to harm other people, and second the tendency to obey those whom we perceive to be legitimates authorities. Word Count: 1009

The Lost Generation †Seeking Meaning in Life.

The Lost Generation – Seeking Meaning in Life. Free Online Research Papers The term â€Å"lost generation† was created by American poet Gertrude Stein to describe American literary artists that sought meaning in life, drank excessively, and had love affairs during the 1920s. These artists include Sherwood Anderson, Kay Boyle, Hart Crane, Ford Maddox Ford, and Zelda Fitzgerald. Among the most famous are F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, and John Dos Passos. F. Scott Fitzgerald shared many characteristics synonymous with â€Å"The Lost Generation†. He was a heavy drinker and partier, rebellious and questioned traditional values and beliefs, and sought Paris to gain a perspective on himself and his country. (â€Å"What is the Lost Generation?†) On January 16, 1920 the 18th Amendment became law, enforced by the National Prohibition Act. Liquor, beer, and wine were illegal throughout America. However, although alcohol was banned, Americans continued to manufacture and drink it; men and women actually drank more of it. They created new ways of transporting it without getting arrested. One method was using a hip flask; another was hiding it in books and coconut shells, or by filling hot-water bottles and hiding it under their clothing. (â€Å"The Jazz Age – The 20s,† 20-132) Bootlegging became big business. In 1921 federal agents seized 96,000 stills and pieces of distilling equipment; in 1925 they seized 173,000; in 1930 it had reached 282,000. Some bootleggers stole alcohol from manufacturing plants, smuggled it from abroad, or made it themselves. One famous bootlegger, Al Capone, was said to have controlled the entire business from Canada to Florida. (â€Å"The Jazz Age – The 20s,† 20-132) Since saloons became the target of Prohibition enforcers, Americans frequented underground drinking facilities known as speakeasies. In 1925 there is believed to have been 100,000 speakeasies in New York City alone. Speakeasies were â€Å"protected† by bribing federal agents. One of the most famous owners of a speakeasy was Texas Guinan, named â€Å"Queen of the Speakeasies†. Her earnings during a 10-month period totaled $700,000. (â€Å"The Jazz Age – The 20s,† 20-132) Like many Americans during the twenties, F. Scott Fitzgerald was a heavy drinker and partier. Fitzgerald was labeled as a pathetic drunk. He was an alcoholic since college and had problems controlling money and alcohol; most of his money being spent on booze and parties. When drunk, he was insulting to servants and friends. In the summer of 1925, Fitzgerald wrote â€Å"1,000 parties and no work†, which depicted a portrayal of his own life. (Epstein) After World War I, American values began to go sour. The entire nation became self-conscious and unsure of itself. No one wanted to deal with world problems. Americans became frivolous and rebellious, questioning traditional values and beliefs. The saying of the twenties was â€Å"eat, drink, and be merry†, but it had its outcome: â€Å"for tomorrow we die.† Morals underwent a revolution. The youth of the 20’s began to question the authority of elders, girls in particular. It was an era of daring clothes and scandalous dances. F. Scott Fitzgerald was one of the first writers to draw attention to the new postwar era with their youthful love affairs and â€Å"petting parties† in his novel This Side of Paradise. He was labeled as â€Å"a kind of king of our American youth†. Along with Americans, he professed â€Å"to find all Gods dead, all wars fought, all faiths in men shaken.† (â€Å"The Jazz Age – The 20s,† 20-132) â€Å"it was not a generation of expatriates who found themselves in Paris in those years but a generation whose patria, wherever it may once have been, was now no longer waiting for them anywhere† –Archibald MacLeish In the 1920’s Europe offered an opportunity for freedom. World War I brought many Americans to Europe to encounter history and the failure of their religious and political beliefs. Paris especially seemed to call to the American heart. Americans in Paris ranged from tourists, to artists, to permanent residents. Many also came for humanitarian reasons. In Paris, Americans â€Å"found† America. (Fitch 162-204) Paris had an impact on the second great period of American literature just as it had an impact on the first great period, the â€Å"Renaissance†, which included famous artists as Poe, Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman, Melville, and Hawthorne. Paris is where Americans seem to write best, and it had a particular influence on Fitzgerald’s novel Tender is the Night. In Paris, Fitzgerald was among a large literary community that was challenged, stimulated, reviewed, read, and greatly appreciated. (Fitch 162-204) When I now think of the â€Å"The Lost Generation†, I cannot help but think of a godless society that hopelessly turned to drinking and partying to forget life’s problems; a society that desperately pursued meaning in life after a period of such tragedy and despair. These characteristics so prevalent in the lives of many Americans were clearly present in the life of F. Scott Fitzgerald. (Epstein) Fitzgerald was a master at expressing feelings into his writing. He could write the things that Americans felt but were not able to express: social unease in their own country, yearning for an elegant and orderly life, and inner sense. â€Å"He knew how to do purple in many different, splendid shades. He can put one on the French Riviera in a single sentence.† He will always be held as a great influence on American culture. (Epstein) WORKS CITED Epstein, Joseph. â€Å"Scott Fitzgerald: A Biography.† Commentary 98.n5 (Nov 1994): 52(6). Student Edition. Thomson Gale. Lakeland Library Cooperative. 22 April 2006 . Fitch, Noel Riley. Sylvia Beach and the Lost Generation – A History of Literary Paris in the Twenties Thirties. 1st. Toronto: George J. McLeod Limited, 1983. â€Å"The Jazz Age – The 20s.† Time-Life Books. 1998 â€Å"What is the Lost Generation?.† 23 April 2006 http://ok.essortment.com/whatlostgenera_nkj.htm Research Papers on The Lost Generation - Seeking Meaning in Life.19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseWhere Wild and West MeetHip-Hop is ArtQuebec and CanadaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeGenetic EngineeringHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

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